For the historical Scipio, as for Hannibal, we are tightly constrained by our sources. Books 21-30 of Livy’s history of Rome cover the Second Punic War, and survive complete in a tradition reaching ...

One thing that Susan Harrison and I have in common is that our fathers were pilots in the Royal Canadian Air Force. Although mine, who died more than a decade ago, never saw combat, hers was a ...

According to Livy, a Roman historian writing around the time of Jesus’ birth, the Roman general Scipio Africanus, having returned victorious from the Second Punic War in 201 B.C., ordered a ...

As reported by several ancient sources, including Cicero and Livy, in 204 B.C. the Roman state consulted a set of prophetic scrolls called the Sibylline Oracles on how best to respond to the pressures ...

As reported by several ancient sources, including Cicero and Livy, in 204 B.C. the Roman ... the pressures it faced as a result of the Second Punic War – Rome’s prolonged conflict with ...

Unlike the previous two wars, which involved much maneuvering and pitched battles (the Second Punic War saw the Carthaginian general Hannibal crossing the Alps) the third was mostly a siege of ...

If the first trade war is at all instructive, the scope, scale and intensity of the second trade war will depend primarily on the dynamics between a small group of advisers in Trump’s court.

According to Polybius and Livy in their histories of Rome ... They essentially declared war on Rome. The Second Punic War is a drama where Hannibal and his troops (including as many as 90,000 infantry ...

Livy estimates Hannibal’s losses between six and eight ... landless peasants, and even slaves. The Second Punic War thus continued, and Roman generals learned their lesson, acknowledging the wisdom of ...