Bretherton, I. (1990). Communication Patterns, Internal Working Models, and the Intergenerational Transmission of Attachment Relationships. Infant Mental Health Journal, 11, 237-252.

Article citations More>> Collins, N. L., Guichard, A., Ford, M. B., & Feeney, B. (2004). Working Models of Attachment: New Developments and Emerging Themes. In W. S. Rholes, & J. A. Simpson (Eds.), ...

In contrast, when attachment figures are rejecting or inconsistent, the internal working model tends to view the self and others in negative ways and the world as uncertain. Attachment insecurity (i.e ...

As developmental psychologists, we tend to think that attachment is associated with romantic relationships through what we call the “ internal working model.” ...

Secure attachment in teens is formed when caregivers are responsive to their needs. This creates a model for future relationships. Here are some tips for fostering secure attachment: communicate your ...

Transgenerational traumas are passed from generation to generation only through the process of attachment formation. Failure to recognize and respond to children’s needs results in insecure attachment ...

Attachment orientation is complex; it’s an ongoing interaction between the external world and your internal one, between your circumstances and your interpretation of them.

While both the internal and external management models come with their own strengths and constraints, flexibility – as it turns out – is the common theme that bridges both sides, and is often the key ...