He argued that American chips should be the global standard and that the United States was making a grave mistake by ceding the giant Chinese market to homegrown rivals.

The granting of export licenses for the company’s H20 chips points to a tentative de-escalation in the trade war between Washington and Beijing.

Mr. Huang has met with senior officials in Washington and Beijing in the past few days, including Mr. Trump, to promote artificial intelligence and his company’s central role in the industry.