Lipid membranes, which form the outer layer of cells, can be engineered to influence cellular functions. For example, ...

In biology, enzymes have evolved over millions of years to drive chemical reactions. Scientists have now derived universal rules to enable the de novo design of optimal enzymes. As an example, they ...

The crystal structures of the enzyme from sweet potato in the resting dicupric Cu(II)-Cu(II) state, the reduced dicuprous Cu(I)-Cu(I) form, and in complex with the inhibitor phenylthiourea were ...

† Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ...

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan, and Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, ...