EVER SINCE the “Arab Spring,” the Middle East has ... operandi of the 20th century are no longer valid. For one, the 1916 Sykes-Picot agreement, according to which the borders of the nation ...

Many observers gazing upon the current bloodshed in the Middle ... East have wondered aloud if we are seeing the disintegration of the nation-state boundaries established in the region nearly a ...

Presenter: The Making of the Modern Arab World A map marked with crude chinagraph-pencil in the second decade of the 20th Century ... day Middle East. Straight lines make uncomplicated borders.

The modern geography of the Middle East was carved out by British ... their supremacy over the region in the early part of the 20th century. The contours of the region, with its immaculately ...

World War I may have ended in 1918, but the violence it triggered in the Middle East still ... as they are in the Middle East. Nowhere else does the early 20th century orgy of violence still ...

they are less than a century old. None of this is optimal, but this is the hand the region has been dealt. The Middle East has been such a basket case for so long that perhaps a newly reimagined ...

A map marked with crude chinagraph-pencil in the second decade of the 20th Century shows ... create the modern-day Middle East. Straight lines make uncomplicated borders. Most probably that ...