[Dr. Cockroach]’s goal was to build a four-bit computer out of recycled and repurposed junk. The resulting computer, called IO, consists of a single 555, around 230 PNP and NPN transistors, 230 diodes ...

Manufacturing companies, particularly those that mass-produce electronic circuits, work pretty much around bipolar junction transistors, like PNP and NPN. However, choosing between these two BJTs can ...

In the early days, PNP bipolar transistors were common, but the bulk of circuits you see today use NPN transistors. As [Aaron Danner] points out, many people think PNP transistors are “backward” but ...

A transistor is a key component in electronics, often used as a switch or to amplify a signal from a sensor. NPN (negative-positive-negative) transistors are the most used transistor. An illustration ...

Modern circuit design is a “mixed signal” endeavor thanks to the availability of sophisticated process technologies that make available bipolar and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), ...

This video explains how transistors work as switches and amplifiers in electronic circuits. Transistors control the flow of ...

In 1964, when I started working in the electronics industry, a single silicon transistor cost over £1 ($2.80 at the time, or about $22 at 2014 prices). These cheap ones were not very good and higher ...