Signs of anxious attachment style include being clingy, fearing separation, and needing unnecessary reassurance from a loved one.

Worrying that your relationship might suddenly crash for no reason? Suspecting your partner of cheating? Feeling on edge, waiting for the other shoe to drop? Not able to settle in and get comfortable ...

For many adults, interactions with their parents remain a source of anxiety, confusion, and emotional turmoil long after childhood has ended. The challenges intensify significantly when one or both ...

The more the preoccupied attachment parent pursues the avoidant adult child to have a closer relationship, the more smothered ...

The way someone forms emotional bonds with their caregivers as a child can increase the risk they’ll be violent to a partner ...

Gery Karantzas is the founder of Relationship Science Online. He receives funding from the Australian Research Council. You’re an independent, capable adult all year round. But when you gather with ...

Children of narcissists and addicts (all substance abusers) grow up in a stressful, dysfunctional family environment, which in most cases leads to codependency. Due to the symptoms and defenses ...