This results from intrauterine cross hormonal interference which affects the proper developmental of female reproductive system. The female cow will therefore not show feminine characteristics and ...

The pre-breeding period is a critical phase in the reproductive success and overall health of the herd for both dairy and beef animals.

Using pre-breeding exams to help make decisions about which heifers should be kept or culled is a cost-effective way to ...

Artificial insemination is a reproductive technology that introduces sperm into a female animal's reproductive tract to achieve ... will also determine whether a cow will deliver a heifer or ...

The sperm must stay in the female reproductive tract for some time before it gains the capacity to fertilise the egg. Thus it is recommended that the cow is inseminated between 4 – 16 hours ...